Wilhelm Wundt - He founded the first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig in 1879. He conducted many of the first experiments into human behavior in trying to unravel the mysteries of the mind.
William James - James is known for a number of theories in psychology, including the theory of self, the James-Lange theory of emotion, pragmatic theory of truth, and the two-stage model of free will.
Edward Thorndike - Thorndike’s work focused on the development of the field of educational psychology — the study of how people learn in order to understand and develop better educational materials and methods for teaching.
Sigmund Freud - As a part of his studies, he worked for six years in a physiology lab, studying the brains of humans and other mammals. By the late 1890s, he was referring to his work as “psychoanalysis” and began publishing papers and books on his work.
B.F. Skinner - is an American psychologist who is best known for his work on operant conditioning, a form of behavior modification that helps explain and alter behaviors. By manipulating either a lever or a disk in a way, an animal in the box (most often a rat or pigeon) could receive a reward (Skinner Box).
Mary Calkins - is best known for her studies and writings in self-psychology, a new theory building upon other schools of thought related to the study of the self.
Alfred Binet - in 1905 Binet developed the first attempt to objectively measure intelligence in children, from ages 3 to 13. He is the man partially responsible for the IQ test.
Ivan Pavlov - He developed the theory of classical conditioning to help explain behavior, demonstrating the external stimuli can have a direct influence in a behavioral response.
Harry Harlow - He’s best known for his “monkey studies,” because he studied the behavior of monkeys in a laboratory environment. His research demonstrated that baby monkeys needed more than mere sustenance than to thrive. This finding supported his belief that human babies needed similar contact from their mothers in order to grow and thrive.
Charles Darwin - English naturalist whose scientific theory of evolution by natural selection became the foundation of modern evolutionary studies.